Tag Archives: AMT

Do you still need to worry about the AMT?

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AMT Planning

There was talk of repealing the individual alternative minimum tax (AMT) as part of last year’s tax reform legislation. A repeal wasn’t included in the final version of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), but the TCJA will reduce the number of taxpayers subject to the AMT.
Now is a good time to familiarize yourself with the changes, assess your AMT risk and see if there are any steps you can take during the last several months of the year to avoid the AMT, or at least minimize any negative impact.

AMT vs. Regular Tax

The top AMT rate is 28%, compared to the top regular ordinary-income tax rate of 37%. But the AMT rate typically applies to a higher taxable income base and will result in a larger tax bill if you’re subject to it.

The TCJA reduced the number of taxpayers who’ll likely be subject to the AMT in part by increasing the AMT exemption and the income phaseout ranges for the exemption:

  • For 2018, the exemption is $70,300 for singles and heads of households (up from $54,300 for 2017), and $109,400 for married couples filing jointly (up from $84,500 for 2017).
  • The 2018 phaseout ranges are $500,000–$781,200 for singles and heads of households (up from $120,700–$337,900 for 2017) and $1,000,000–$1,437,600 for joint filers (up from $160,900–$498,900 for 2017).

You’ll be subject to the AMT if your AMT liability is greater than your regular tax liability.

AMT Triggers

In the past, common triggers of the AMT were differences between deductions allowed for regular tax purposes and AMT purposes. Some popular deductions aren’t allowed under the AMT.

New limits on some of these deductions for regular tax purposes, such as on state and local income and property tax deductions, mean they’re less likely to trigger the AMT. And certain deductions not allowed for AMT purposes are now not allowed for regular tax purposes either, such as miscellaneous itemized deductions subject to the 2% of adjusted gross income floor.

But deductions aren’t the only things that can trigger the AMT. Some income items might do so, too, such as:

  • Long-term capital gains and dividend income, even though they’re taxed at the same rate for both regular tax and AMT purposes,
  • Accelerated depreciation adjustments and related gain or loss differences when assets are sold,
  • Tax-exempt interest on certain private-activity municipal bonds, and
  • The exercise of incentive stock options.

AMT Planning Tips

If it looks like you could be subject to the AMT in 2018, consider accelerating income into this year. Doing so may allow you to benefit from the lower maximum AMT rate. And deferring expenses you can’t deduct for AMT purposes may allow you to preserve those deductions. If you also defer expenses you can deduct for AMT purposes, the deductions may become more valuable because of the higher maximum regular tax rate.

Please contact us if you have questions about whether you could be subject to the AMT this year or about minimizing negative consequences from the AMT.

About the author

Brady is the owner of Ramsay & Associates. He specializes in financial statement preparation and personal, fiduciary and corporate tax and accounting.

His professional experience includes seven years' experience for local and national CPA firms before joining Ramsay & Associates in 2006.

He has a Bachelor of Accounting degree from the University of Minnesota Duluth. He is a Certified Public Accountant, a member of the Minnesota Society of CPA's, an Eagle Scout, as well as an active volunteer in the community.

Tax Cuts and Jobs Act: Key provisions affecting businesses

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Tax Cuts and Jobs ActThe recently passed tax reform bill, commonly referred to as the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” (TCJA), is the most expansive federal tax legislation since 1986. It includes a multitude of provisions that will have a major impact on businesses.

Here’s a look at some of the most significant changes. They generally apply to tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, except where noted.

Key Provisions Affecting Small Businesses

  • Replacement of graduated corporate tax rates ranging from 15% to 35% with a flat corporate rate of 21%
  • Repeal of the 20% corporate alternative minimum tax (AMT)
  • New 20% qualified business income deduction for owners of flow-through entities (such as partnerships, limited liability companies and S corporations) and sole proprietorships — through 2025
  • Doubling of bonus depreciation to 100% and expansion of qualified assets to include used assets — effective for assets acquired and placed in service after September 27, 2017, and before January 1, 2023
  • Doubling of the Section 179 expensing limit to $1 million and an increase of the expensing phaseout threshold to $2.5 million
  • Other enhancements to depreciation-related deductions
  • New disallowance of deductions for net interest expense in excess of 30% of the business’s adjusted taxable income (exceptions apply)
  • New limits on net operating loss (NOL) deductions
  • Elimination of the Section 199 deduction, also commonly referred to as the domestic production activities deduction or manufacturers’ deduction — effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, for noncorporate taxpayers and for tax years beginning after December 31, 2018, for C corporation taxpayers
  • New rule limiting like-kind exchanges to real property that is not held primarily for sale
  • New tax credit for employer-paid family and medical leave — through 2019
  • New limitations on excessive employee compensation
  • New limitations on deductions for employee fringe benefits, such as entertainment and, in certain circumstances, meals and transportation

Keep in mind that additional rules and limits apply to what we’ve covered here, and there are other TCJA provisions that may affect your business. Contact us for more details and to discuss what your business needs to do in light of these changes.

About the author

Brady is the owner of Ramsay & Associates. He specializes in financial statement preparation and personal, fiduciary and corporate tax and accounting.

His professional experience includes seven years' experience for local and national CPA firms before joining Ramsay & Associates in 2006.

He has a Bachelor of Accounting degree from the University of Minnesota Duluth. He is a Certified Public Accountant, a member of the Minnesota Society of CPA's, an Eagle Scout, as well as an active volunteer in the community.

Breaking News – Tax “Fiscal Cliff” Avoided

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In the early morning hours of New Year’s Day, the U.S. Senate passed a bill to deal with the tax increases associated with the “Fiscal Cliff”.  The House passed the same bill late last evening, and the President has said he will sign the bill into law.  The law contains changes for both the year just ended and the New Year just begun.  The following are the items that apply to most of our readers for the 2012 year. Our next post will detail those effective for 2013 and beyond.

Individual Changes Effective for 2012

  • The Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) has been fixed permanently to prevent middle-class taxpayers from falling into its higher tax rates. The AMT kicks in on AMT taxable income of $50,600 for individuals and $78,750 for married couples filing jointly. These amounts will be increased to match inflation.
  • In addition, all personal tax credits can be used against both regular and AMT taxes going forward.
  • The American Opportunity Tax Credit, which allows for up to a $2,500 Federal tax credit for the first 4 years of college expenses has been extended through 2017.
  • Also, the above-the-line deduction for tuition and fees of up to $4,000 has been revived for 2012 and continues for 2013.
  • The above-the-line deduction of up to $250 for elementary and secondary school teachers has been revived for 2012 and continues for 2013.
  • The option to deduct state and local sales taxes in place of state and local income taxes is revived for 2012 and continues for 2013.
  • The treatment of mortgage insurance premiums as deductible home mortgage interest is revived for 2012 and in place for 2013.
  • Increased Earned Income Tax Credits and Child Tax Credits are extended through 2017.
  • The tax credit for certain energy efficient home improvements and for energy-efficient appliances is revived for 2012 and in place through 2013.

Business Changes Effective for 2012

  • The following depreciation items are made effective for equipment placed in service from January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2014
    • 15-year life on qualified leasehold improvements, qualified restaurant buildings and qualified retail improvements.
    • Increased Section 179 limitations and the treatment of certain real estate property as eligible for Section 179 treatment.
  • The Research and Development Tax Credit is revived for 2012 and extended through 2013.
  • 100% exclusion of gain from the sale of qualified small business stock is in place for shares acquired before January 1, 2014.

Now comes the scramble of the states to choose whether to go along with the changes made by the Federal government, and the IRS and tax preparation software providers to update their systems and get the changes rolled out.  We’ll keep you up to date on when we can start getting 2012 tax returns prepared.

Fiscal Cliff Update

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As we near the end of the year, there are a large number of things still in flux, mostly related to the so-called “Fiscal Cliff” of tax increases and spending cuts.  Congress and the President are negotiating to avoid the Cliff, since most believe allowing the country to “go over” would push the economy back into recession.

What does this mean to you, you might ask?  Below is a list of the benefits that are already expired for 2012 (or will expire at the end of this year) unless Congress acts to reinstate them.  This is just a partial list of the items most likely to effect the average taxpayer.

  • The 10% tax bracket for the lowest income Americans moves to 15%.
  • The highest tax bracket will move from 35% to 39.6%
  • Interest and dividends will be taxed at ordinary income tax rates, rather than a maximum tax rate of 15%
  • Capital gains will be taxed at a maximum of 20%, rather than the current maximum of 15%.
  • Nearly 26 million more Americans will pay the “Alternative Minimum Tax” or AMT, which eliminates many tax deductions otherwise available and uses only two tax rates – 26% and 28% – to calculate Federal tax.
  • Adoption benefits provided by employers to assist employees with the cost of adoption will no longer be excluded from taxable income.
  • Tax-free tuition assistance provided by employers to their employees of up to $5,250 will not be allowed.
  • The 2% reduction of the employee’s portion of Social Security will expire, essentially reducing take-home pay by 2% for those earning up to $113,700.
  • The up-to $4,000 deduction for tuition and fees will not be allowed.
  • Mortgage insurance premiums will no longer be allowed as a deduction.
  • State and local sales taxes will not be allowed as a deduction in place of state and local income taxes, a provision that effects mostly those in states with no state income tax.

We’ll keep an eye toward Washington, and when there is a resolution to the Fiscal Cliff questions, we’ll bring you a full explanation.

Spring Tax Update

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As we come out of the busy tax season, it’s now when we get to take a closer look at what’s in motion on the tax front in Washington.  Here’s a quick synopsis of what we’re seeing.

  • Federal Changes
    • These very much depend on who comes out the winner in November, and not much is expected to be accomplished until after the election.
    • Regardless of who wins, broad tax reform has been a consistent message of both parties, though with very different ideas on how that would look.
    • The “AMT Patch” expired at the end of 2011.  This rather technical issue is one that will have a big impact on average Americans in the 2012 year if they don’t do something about it.

We’ll keep watching for any developments and bring them to you as they come about.